Calcium testing is increasingly common, particularly in patients investigated for vitamin D abnormalities and yet disorders of calcium homeostasis are often unexpectedly uncovered. Primary hyperparathyroidism is no longer rare, and misinterpretation of calcium fractions can lead to unnecessary investigations or missed diagnoses.
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Identify which fraction of calcium is biologically active
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Explain why correction formulae are unreliable in renal impairment
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Understand how albumin levels alter total calcium interpretation
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Apply a structured decision-making approach to hypercalcaemia and hypocalcaemia
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Recognise acute hypocalcaemia in hyperventilation and alkalosis
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Through clinical examples and interpretation frameworks, you will gain clarity on how to approach abnormal calcium results with confidence.
